- Children at risk of undernutrition receiving an oral nutrition supplement showed approximately 2.4 times greater height gain and nearly 15% higher lean mass gain vs. dietary counseling alone
- Findings highlight improvements in quality of growth (lean mass and bone health) beyond height and weight
August 2026 — Abbott, the global healthcare leader, announced findings from a randomized controlled trial showing that Indian children at risk of undernutrition who received an oral nutritional supplement alongside dietary counseling experienced significantly improved growth outcomes. Children in the supplemented group had approximately 2.4 times greater height gain and nearly 15% higher lean mass over six months compared to those receiving dietary counseling alone.[i],[ii]
The trial, published in the journals Children and Journal of Clinical Medicine, included 223 Indian children between ages about 3 to 7 years with picky eating habits who were undernourished or at risk of undernutrition.
Over a six-month period, families and children in the study received dietary counseling, with approximately half of the children also receiving two daily servings of PediaSure, an Abbott pediatric oral nutritional supplement. Investigators assessed growth, dietary intake, body composition and other health indicators at predefined intervals.
Body composition and bone health were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), a gold-standard imaging-based measurement technique that enables precise measurement of lean mass, fat mass and bone mineralization. Lean mass refers to muscle, bone, organs and all body components except body fat.
Key findings:
- Quality physical growth and improved bone health indicators: Children in the supplemented group showed improvements in height, weight and lean mass without excess fat accumulation in terms of BMI for age and DXA measurements. DXA further confirmed an increase in bone mineral density (35%) and bone mineral content.
- Catch-up growth: Children at risk for undernutrition who received the supplement showed up to 4x greater gains in weight‑for‑age and height‑for‑age percentiles over six months compared to those receiving dietary counseling alone.[iii] A percentile shows how a child is growing compared to other children of the same age. These improvements indicate faster movement toward healthier growth trajectories, demonstrating stronger catch-up growth.
- Higher lean mass gains: Children in the supplemented group gained more lean mass, reflecting improvements in muscle and overall body strength as part of healthy growth.
- Improved dietary intake: Children who received the supplement had higher energy, carbohydrate and protein intake at three months, with sustained improvements at six months. They also showed greater improvements in mid-upper arm circumference percentile, a marker of improved nutritional status.
“This research highlights the importance of addressing undernutrition early with targeted nutrition support,” said Dr. Anuradha Khadilkar, Consultant Pediatrician, Jehangir Clinical Development Center Pvt. Ltd., Pune, India, and lead investigator on the study. “What is especially meaningful is that benefits extended beyond visible growth measures to include lean mass and bone health, offering a broader picture of healthy growth in children at nutritional risk.”
Nutrition and child growth
“This study adds to growing evidence that targeted nutritional support can help children at nutritional risk achieve healthy growth,” said Dr. Priti Thakor, Director Medical & Scientific Affairs for Abbott’s nutrition business in India. “Importantly, the findings highlight improvements not only in height and weight, but also in lean mass and bone health, providing a more comprehensive view of growth outcomes.”
Abbott’s PediaSure is supported by more than 20 clinical studies over 30 years and is shown to support children at nutritional risk or those falling behind on growth.
Childhood undernutrition remains a major public health challenge in India. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS-6, 2023–24) data show that 29.3% of children under age 5 are stunted and 31.8% are underweight nationally, highlighting the need for effective nutrition interventions. In this context, the findings add to the growing body of scientific evidence evaluating nutritional strategies that may help address growth gaps in children with inadequate dietary intake.
About the Study
The study’s six-month duration, which is longer than many comparable pediatric nutrition studies, allowed assessment of sustained growth outcomes over time. The findings were reported in two peer-reviewed publications based on the same randomized controlled trial conducted in India among 223 children ages 3 to 6 years with picky eating habits who were undernourished or at risk of undernutrition.
“Impact of Oral Nutritional Supplementation and Dietary Counseling on Outcomes of Linear Catch-Up Growth in Indian Children Aged 3–6.9 Years: Findings from a 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial” was published in Children on August 29, 2025. The paper reported outcomes related to linear catch-up growth, dietary intake, nutrient adequacy and anthropometric measures. “Effects of Oral Nutritional Supplementation on Body Composition and Bone Health in Undernourished Children: A Randomized Controlled Study” was published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine on October 1, 2025. The paper reported outcomes related to body composition and bone health measured using DXA. The trial was conducted between August 2023 and May 2024 and was registered as CTRI/2023/04/051566.
[i] Khadilkar A, et al. J Clin Med.2025;14(19):6972
[ii] Khadilkar A, et al. Children. 2025;12(9):1152
[iii] Based on gains in weight‑for‑age and height‑for‑age percentiles at 6 months in children receiving oral nutritional supplementation with dietary counseling compared to dietary counseling alone
